Introduction to ciphers and substitution. Alice and Bob and Carl and Julius: terminology and Caesar Cipher ; The key to the matter: generalizing the Caesar Cipher ; Multiplicative ciphers ; Affine ...

1. Introduction -- 2. From Julius Caesar to simple substitution -- 3. Polyalphabetic systems -- 4. Jigsaw ciphers -- 5. Two-letter ciphers -- 6. Codes -- 7. Ciphers for spies -- 8. Producing random ...

Wall Street bank JPMorgan is sharpening its view on U.S.-listed bitcoin miners as a wave of high-performance computing (HPC) deals reshape business models and add long-term revenue clarity. The bank ...

"One of the weapons originating from the Two Fingers. A formless sequence of ciphers comprise its blade, and as such no shield can repel it. Deals holy damage. The furtive inscription appears to hang ...

Buyer, beware: if a Taboo buzzer falls into young hands, game night can get annoying fast. For a sound-effects-free option ...

Calling all vault hunters: If you need some fresh loot, we've got some Borderlands 3 Shift codes to help you get it. If you're looking for loot in the latest game, make sure to check our Borderlands 4 ...