Starting with the sensor, measuring and controlling temperature is an essential building block of process industries. Automatic control in continuous processes uses industrial control systems to ...
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How the thermostat regulates engine temperature
Engineers design modern engines to run in a narrow temperature window where power, efficiency, and emissions all line up. The ...
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Temperature Control in Lithography
Optical lithography is employed in manufacturing integrated circuits. It starts with attaching a photosensitive material—or photoresist—to the substrate. A photomask with the required pattern is ...
Designing an analog circuit can be a frustrating experience, as noted by Nick Cornford in his Design Idea (DI), “DIY RTD for a DMM.” With a fortnight’s struggle, I completed the design of 4 mA to 20mA ...
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