The measurement of temperature in high-temperature environments remains a central challenge across many scientific and industrial domains, from aerospace engine monitoring to materials processing.

The measurement technique of an aspheric surface is mainly for the surface form and parameters. The surface form is the three-dimensional distribution of the surface in the spatial domain. The ...

Accurately estimating the junction temperature of a semiconductor device is essential for ensuring its reliability, performance, and longevity. Junction temperature has a direct influence on the ...